::nasal_vowel:: = ą|ę ::vowel:: = a|ą|e|ę|i|o|ó|u|y ::vow_not_i:: = a|ą|e|ę|o|ó|u|y ::consonant:: = b|c|ć|cz|d|dź|dż|f|g|h|ch|j|k|l|ł|m|n|ń|p|r|s|ś|sz|t|w|z|ź|ż|rz ::cons_not_csr:: = b|ć|cz|d|dź|dż|f|g|h|ch|j|k|l|ł|m|n|ń|p|ś|sz|t|w|z|ź|ż|rz ::voiceless:: = c|ć|h|ch|k|p|sz|ś|s|t % After nasalized vowels 0 -> m / (::nasal_vowel::) _ (b|p) 0 -> ɲ / (::nasal_vowel::) _ (ć|dź) 0 -> n / (::nasal_vowel::) _ (d|t|c|dz) 0 -> ŋ / (::nasal_vowel::) _ (g|k) % Palatalized consonants ci -> t͡ɕ / _ (::vow_not_i::) dzi -> d͡ʑ / _ (::vow_not_i::) si -> ɕ / _ (::vow_not_i::) zi -> ʑ / (#|::cons_not_csr::|::vowel::) _ (::vow_not_i::) ni -> ɲ / _ (::vow_not_i::) ki -> kʲ / _ e gi -> ɡʲ / _ e c -> t͡ɕ / _ i dz -> d͡ʑ / _ i s -> ɕ / _ i z -> ʑ / (#|::cons_not_csr::|::vowel::) _ i n -> ɲ / _ i k -> kʲ / _ i g -> ɡʲ / _ i % Voicing assimilation % the main difference between ż and rz is: % - preceding voiceless consonants assimilate to ż % - rz assimilates to preceding voiceless consonants k -> ɡ / _ ż p -> b / _ ż % this is purely allophonic % ch -> ɣ / _ ż rz -> ʂ / (::voiceless::) _ % Simplification: sześćset -> szejset (etc.) ść -> j / sze _ s % Glide formation u -> w / (::vowel::) _ i -> j / (::vowel::) _ (::consonant::) i -> j / _ (::vowel::) % Mostly surnames y -> j / (::vowel::) _ # y -> j / (::vowel::) _ (::consonant::) y -> j / _ (::vowel::) % Denasalization ą -> ɔ / _ (l|ł|m|n|ɲ|ŋ) ę -> ɛ / _ (l|ł|m|n|ɲ|ŋ) ę -> ɛ / _ #